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Medical Photonics / Semester information / Winter term 2017/2018 / 1st semester / Module A1.4 - Human Biology I

Module A1.4 - Human Biology I

Coordinator: Prof. Dr. Christoph Biskup

Lecturers: Biomolecular Photonics Group: Prof. Dr. Christoph Biskup, PD. Dr. Christian Melle

  • Institute of Physiology I: Prof. Dr. Hans-Georg Schaible, PD Dr. Andrea Ebersberger
  • Experimental Nephrology Group: Prof. Dr. Ralf Mrowka
  • Institute of Forensic Medicine: Nneka Schwimmer-Okike
  • Single Molecule Microscopy Group: Dr. Hendrik Sielaff

Schedule:

  • Monday + Tuesday + Friday 10.15-11.45 a.m.
    (Lecture hall of the former Institute of human genetics)

Contents:

Week Lecturer Subject and content Download
Week 1
Monday
16.10.2017		 Biskup

Introduction into Human Biology

  • history
  • principles
  • aims of this module, how to survive this module

Introduction into medical terminology

 

 

 
Tuesday
17.10.2017		 Schwimmer-Okike
Biskup

Organization of the cell

  • cell morphology
  • physical structure of the cell
  • functional organization of the cell: cytoplasm, organelles, nucleus
Friday
20.10.2017		 Schwimmer-Okike

Morphology and classification of tissues
Week 2
Monday
23.10.2017		 Schwimmer-Okike

Microscopic anatomy

  • Introduction
  • Staining of microscopic samples
  • Handling of the microscopes used in the course
Tuesday
24.10.2017		 Schwimmer-Okike /
Biskup

Practical course in microscopy

Meeting point: In front of the Institute of Anatomy, Teichgraben 7. Please, be on time (10.15 a.m.)

  
Friday
27.10.2017		 Biskup

Biomolecules I

  • Lipids
  • Sugars

See the Precourse for Chemistry for more details
Week 3
Monday
30.10.2017		 Biskup

Biomolecules II

  • proteinogenic amino acids
  • properties of amino acids
  • "nonstandard" amino acids
  • protein folding and protein structure
Tuesday
31.10.2017		  

Holiday (Reformation day)

  
 Friday
03.11.2017		 Biskup

Biomolecules III

  • nucleic acids, nucleotides, DNA
  • forces stabilizing the nucleic acid structure
  • DNA replication
Week 4
Monday
06.11.2017		 Melle Chromosome structure  
Tuesday
07.11.2017		 Melle DNA replication  
Friday
10.11.2017		 Melle

Cell cycle, cell reproduction

  • cell growth, cell differentiation
  • cell cycle
  • cell reproduction
  • apoptosis
  
Week 5
Monday
13.11.2017		 Melle Mitosis, meiosis, recombination
Tuesday
14.11.2017		 Melle

Transcription & translation

  • transcription
  • translation
  • regulation of gene expression
Friday
17.11.2017		 Melle DNA damage
  • DNA damage signalling
  • DNA repair
Week 6
Monday
20.11.2017		 Mrowka Molecular cloning I
  • recombinant DNA technology
  • chromatographic separations, electrophoresis
 Tuesday
21.11.2017		 Mrowka

Molecular cloning II

  
Friday
24.11.2017		 Sielaff /
Biskup

Thermodynamic principles

  • application of the laws of thermodynamics to biochemistry
  • Gibbs free energy, chemical equilibria
  • enzyme kinetics
  
Week 7
Monday
27.11.2017

 Sielaff /
Biskup

Enzymes, enzyme kinetics

  • classification of enzymes
  • coenzymes
  • enzyme kinetics, regulation of enzymatic activity
Tuesday
28.11.2017 		 Sielaff

Metabolism I

  • glycolysis
  • glykogen metabolism
  
Friday
01.12.2017 		 Sielaff

Metabolism II

  • citric acid cycle
Week 8
Monday
04.12.2017 		 Sielaff 

Metabolism III

  • oxidative phosphorylation
Tuesday
05.12.2017		  Mrowka

Signal transduction I

  • principles
  • G-proteins
  • GPCRs
  • adenylate cyclase
  • phosphodiesterases
Friday
08.12.2017		  Mrowka

Signal transduction II

  • Tyrosine kinase based signalling
  
 Week 9
Monday
11.12.2017		  Mrowka

Signal transduction III

  • Phosphoinositide based signalling
  
Tuesday
12.12.2017		 Biskup Transport phenomena across membranes
  • diffusuion, dynamic equilibrium
  • osmosis
  • electrochemical diffusion
  • active and passive transport processes
 Friday
13.12.2017		 Biskup

Electrical excitability

  • ion channels, ion pumps
  • the resting membrane potential
  • action potentials of excitable tissues
Week 10
Monday
18.12.2017		  Biskup

Action potentials

  • action potentials of excitable tissues
Tuesday
19.12.2017

 Ebersberger

Physiology of neurons

  • microscopic anatomy of the neuron
  • conduction
Friday
22.12.2017		  Ebersberger

Synaptic transmission, the neuromuscular junction

  • structure of electrical and chemical synapses
  • transmitters
   

Christmas holidays

 
 Week 11
Monday
08.01.2018		 Ebersberger

Cellular physiology of the skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle

  • excitation and contraction of the skeletal muscle (neuromuscular transmission, excitation-contraction coupling)
  • excitation and contraction of the cardiac muscle
  • excitation and contraction of the smooth muscle
Tuesday
09.01.2018		 Schwimmer-Okike

Macroscopic anatomy I

  • the skeleton
Friday
12.01.2018		 Schwimmer-Okike

Macroscopic anatomy II

  • the joints
  • the muscles
Week 12
Monday
15.01.2018 		  Schwimmer-Okike

Macroscopic anatomy III

  • the inner organs
Tuesday
16.01.2018		  Schaible

Organization of the nervous system

  • general design of the nervous system
  • major levels of CNS function
Friday
19.01.2018		 Schaible

Autonomic nervous system

  • physiologic anatomy of the symathetic and parasympathetic nervous system
  • autonomic reflexes
  • pharmacology of the autonomic nervous system
  
Week 13
Monday
22.01.2018 		 Schwimmer-Okike 

Macroscopic anatomy IV
(Cardiovascular System)

  • anatomy of the heart
  • the arteries
  • the veins
Tuesday
23.01.2018		 Biskup

Cardiac physiology I

  • anatomy and physiology of the cardiac muscle
  • the cardiac cycle
  • the cardiac action potential
Friday
26.01.2018		 Biskup

Cardiac physiology II

  • cardiac mechanics
  • work diagram of the heart
Week 14
Monday
29.01.2018		 Biskup

Cardiac physiology III

  • the excitatory and conductive system of the heart
  • the normal electrocardiogram
  • cardiac arrhythmias
Tuesday
30.01.2018		 Biskup

Cardiovascular system I

  • physical principles
  • functions of the arterial and venous system, microcirculation
 Friday
02.02.2018		 Biskup

Cardiovascular system II

  • local control of blood flow
  • regulation of arterial pressure
  • regulation of extracellular fluid volume
 Week 15
Monday
05.02.2018		 Biskup

Respiratory system I

  • anatomy of the respiratory system
  • mechanics of pulmonary ventilation
Tuesday
06.02.2018		 Biskup

Respiratory system II

  • Physical principles of gas exchange
  • transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood
  • regulation of respiration
  • high-altitude physiology, physiology of deep-sea diving
Monday
05.03.2018		 Biskup Exam

Requirements to complete the module:

  • Written exam at the end of the semester (March 5th, 2018).
  • Training questions for the exam can be found here.

Recommended Textbooks

Anatomy & Physiology

Textbooks

  • Donald C. Rizzo
    Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology, 4th ed.
    Cengage Learning, Boston/MA 2015
    ISBN: 1285174150

    Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology is a good introductory text for students who have little or no previous knowledge of anatomy and physiology. However, it does not cover all topics taught in the course in depth.

  • Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
    Human Anatomy & Physiology, 10th ed.
    Perason Education, 2015
    ISBN: 1292096971

    Human Anatomy and Phyiology gives a good detailed introduction into the human anatomy and physiology. It is basic enough for beginners, but covers a wide range of topics at considerable depth. A good collection of graphics, figures and tables helps elucidating the necessary details of anatomy and physiology. However, many molecular mechanism discussed in the lectures are not covered in this book.

  • Frederic H. Martini, Judi L. Nath, Edwin F. Bartholomew
    Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology, 11th ed.
    Pearson Education, 2018
    ISBN: 1292229861 (Paperback)

    Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology gives a good introduction into the human anatomy and physiology. Many excellent figures and tables help to elucidate the subjects discussed in the text. However, it does not cover all topics taught in the course in depth. Especially many important molecular and electrophysiological mechanisms are not discussed. 

Physiology

Textbooks

  • Walter F. Boron, Emile L. Boulpaep:
    Medical Physiology, 3rd ed.
    Elsevier, Oxford 2016.

    Medical Physiology is a very comprehensive, very detailed book which covers also the molecular details in unparalleled depth. Complex concepts are presented in a clear, concise, and logically organized format, which facilitates understanding of the topics.  However, not all topics, especially in the field of neurophysiology are covered.
  • John E. Hall:
    Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 13 th ed.
    Elsevier, Oxford 2015.

    Guyton and Hall's Textbook of Medical Physiology is the 'classical' textbook used by many students of medicine. The detailed text is complemented by illustrations that summarize key concepts in physiology and pathophysiology. Molecular mechanisms, however, are not covered in detail.


e-books available via the university library (ThuLB)

  • Nicholas Sperelakis:
    Cell Physiology Source Book, 4th ed.
    Elsevier 2011 (Link)
  • Armin Kurtz, Hans-Christian Pape, Stefan Silbernagl, Anja Bondke Persson, Bernhard Brenner
    Physiologie, 7th ed (German) Thieme 2014 (Link)

Cell biology

Textbooks

  • Harvey Lodish, Arnold Berk, Chris A. Kaiser, Monty Krieger, Anthony Bretscher, Hidde Ploegh , Angelika Amon, Kelsey Martin:
    Molecular Cell Biology, 8th edition,
    W. H. Freeman, 2016.
  • Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter:
    Molecular Biology of the Cell, 6th Revised edition
    Taylor & Francis, 2014.

e-books available via the university library (ThuLB)

  • Wiesława Widłak:
    Molecular Biology - not only for bioinformaticians
    Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 8248
    Springer 2013 (Link).
  • Werner Buselmaier:
    Biologie für Mediziner, 13th ed. (German)
    Springer, Heidelberg 2015 (Link)